# SilverMetal Enhanced — Windows: ISO Builder

> **Status**: v1 design — 2026-06-08. Implements the productized SKU build for the hardening defined in [`hardening-spec.md`](hardening-spec.md). Reference device: GPD Pocket 4.

This document describes the **reproducible build pipeline** that turns an official Windows 11 IoT Enterprise LTSC ISO plus the SilverMetal config layer into a hardened, branded, UEFI-bootable **custom packed ISO**, with a signed build attestation.

It is bound by the same documents as the hardening spec: [`../docs/threat-model.md`](../docs/threat-model.md), [`../docs/design-principles.md`](../docs/design-principles.md), and [`../docs/trust-model.md`](../docs/trust-model.md).

## 1. Licensing frame (why this is legitimate)

Windows 11 **IoT Enterprise LTSC** is licensed through the OEM / embedded channel, whose explicit purpose is building **customized, locked-down, preinstalled images** on devices a solution-builder ships. Creating a custom packed image and preinstalling it on hardware we sell is the *intended, blessed* use — not a grey area.

| Track | Status under IoT Enterprise LTSC |
|---|---|
| **Preflashed SilverMetal SKU** (we sell the device) | ✅ Build + ship our custom image — licensed per device, intended use |
| **Self-apply free track** (user hardens own device) | ⚠️ No public prebuilt-ISO redistribution. Ships as a **builder** that consumes the user's own official ISO + license — the same `hardening/` modules, applied to their image |

The Microsoft ISO is therefore always an **input**, never committed to this repo. We ship *our layer*; the licensee provides the base.

> **Procurement note (verify before pricing the SKU):** IoT Enterprise LTSC is obtained via authorized OEM distributors; per-device licensing may carry minimum-order / agreement terms. Confirm with the distributor.

## 2. Inputs

All inputs are pinned by hash in [`installer/inputs.manifest.json`](installer/inputs.manifest.json):

| Input | Source | In repo? |
|---|---|---|
| Windows 11 IoT Enterprise LTSC ISO | Licensed (operator/distributor) | No — pinned by SHA-256 |
| GPD Pocket 4 driver pack | GPD (verified source) | `drivers/` or sourced manifest |
| SilverLABS Stack (native Windows builds) | Stack component repos / artifacts | Referenced by version |
| SilverMetal config layer | This repo (`hardening/`, `policies/`, `wdac/`, `debloat/`, `autounattend/`, `oem/`, branding) | Yes |

## 3. Build stages

Orchestrated by [`installer/build.ps1`](installer/build.ps1). Runs on a **Windows host with the Windows ADK** (DISM + `oscdimg`).

1. **Verify input** — assert the source ISO SHA-256 matches the pinned manifest (supply-chain integrity).
2. **Extract** — expand the ISO to a working directory.
2b. **Force legacy Setup** — patch `sources\boot.wim` (index 2) so WinPE launches the legacy installer (see note below). *Required on 24H2/25H2 for a hands-off install.*
3. **Service the WIM offline (DISM)**:
   - Select the IoT Enterprise LTSC image index.
   - `/Add-Driver` the GPD Pocket 4 driver pack (Strix Point GPU, sensors/auto-rotate, Wi-Fi, fingerprint).
   - `/Add-Package` the latest cumulative update (slipstream).
   - Trim residual provisioned appx (LTSC is already lean — minimal list in `debloat/`).
   - Load offline registry hives → apply the **offline-able baseline** (telemetry floor, service disables) from `policies/`.
   - Stage the Stack installers + first-boot payload into the image.
   - Commit + unmount.
4. **Inject answer file + first-boot payload**:
   - `autounattend.xml` — OOBE automation, **local account** (no MSA), regional settings, BitLocker-ready disk layout.
   - `$OEM$\SetupComplete.cmd` — first-boot entry point that runs the online `hardening/` modules and installs the Stack.
5. **Brand** — boot/OOBE wallpaper + computer-name pattern from [`../shared/branding`](../shared/branding).
6. **Repack** — `oscdimg` produces a UEFI-bootable ISO (efisys boot image, El Torito).
7. **Attest** — emit output ISO SHA-256, an **SBOM** (every component + version), and a signed build attestation (design-principle #4).

### 3a. Windows 11 24H2/25H2: forcing legacy Setup (critical)

Windows 11 **24H2 (build 26100) and 25H2** ship a **redesigned "ConX" Setup front-end** (`setup.exe → SetupHost.exe → SetupPrep.exe`, launched in WinPE) that **does not honor the `windowsPE` pass** of a root `autounattend.xml`. Symptom (confirmed on our VM test): the new *Select language/keyboard* pages and the OOBE *region* prompt require key presses despite the answer file. **No answer-file element toggles legacy vs new Setup.**

The verified, scriptable fix — applied by `build.ps1` stage 2b — is to point WinPE's shell at the **legacy** installer in `sources\boot.wim` **index 2** (the Setup image; index 1 is WinPE):

```
DISM /Mount-Image sources\boot.wim index 2 → mount
reg load   HKLM\SM_BOOT  <mount>\Windows\System32\config\SYSTEM
reg add    HKLM\SM_BOOT\Setup  /v CmdLine /t REG_SZ /d X:\sources\setup.exe /f
reg unload HKLM\SM_BOOT
DISM /Unmount-Image /commit
```

WinPE's winlogon launches whatever `HKLM\SYSTEM\Setup\CmdLine` holds; overriding it to `X:\sources\setup.exe` runs the legacy engine, which consumes all four passes (windowsPE/offlineServicing/specialize/oobeSystem) → fully hands-off. The answer file is placed at **both** the ISO root and `\sources\`.

**Rejected alternatives** (community-tested, unreliable): `winpeshl.ini` `[LaunchApp]` variants and the answer-file-embedded `RunSynchronous` reg trick (the latter only works if the answer file contains *nothing else*, else it reboot-loops WinPE).

**Boot image — use the prompt variant.** Stage 6 uses the standard `efisys.bin` ("press any key to boot…"), *not* `efisys_noprompt.bin`. With a media-first boot order the no-prompt image causes a **reinstall loop** — every post-file-copy reboot re-boots the media before the disk install finishes. The prompt lets reboots fall through to the installed disk. Initial media boot is therefore one keypress (or a firmware boot-menu selection — expected for a USB-installed SKU; in an automated VM boot-test, eject the CD after the file-copy phase or send one key at start).

**Verified end-to-end (VM, 2026-06-08):** with legacy Setup forced + `/unattend`, the answer file drives disk wipe/partition, edition, EULA, and image install **automatically** — Setup jumps straight to "Installing Windows." **Residual:** the single WinPE *language/keyboard* page still needs one click (the `International-Core-WinPE` settings do not reliably suppress it even under legacy Setup on 24H2 — a known, still-open item; everything after that page is hands-off).

**Caveat:** this is ConX-specific behaviour that Microsoft may change in a future cumulative update / ADK refresh — re-verify against the exact base media before each batch. Sources: ElevenForum/NTLite 24H2–25H2 threads + MS Learn setup-automation docs (the Learn pages predate the redesign and describe only the legacy mechanism). Open question: whether MS later ships a supported way to pre-answer the ConX front-end.

## 4. Where each hardening control is applied

The control domains in [`hardening-spec.md`](hardening-spec.md) split across three layers:

| Layer | Controls | Mechanism |
|---|---|---|
| **Baked offline (in WIM)** | Telemetry floor, service disables, appx trim, drivers, baseline registry policy, Stack staging | DISM + offline hive edits |
| **First-boot (online)** | Local account, VBS/HVCI/Credential Guard, ASR rules, **WDAC (audit)**, firewall, encrypted DNS, Stack + SilverVPN install, scheduled `Verify` task | `SetupComplete.cmd` → `hardening/` modules |
| **Interactive / firmware — NOT in ISO** | Secure Boot custom-key enrollment, **BitLocker PIN**, BIOS admin password | Operator at provisioning (SKU) or documented user step (self-apply). The ISO *enables* BitLocker and *forces* PIN enrollment; it cannot ship a PIN or touch firmware. |

**The `hardening/` modules are shared.** The same module set is invoked by the ISO's first-boot path *and* by the self-apply / milestone-1 standalone path. Write once, used both ways.

## 5. Reproducibility (honest scope)

Windows image servicing is **not bit-for-bit deterministic** the way the Linux ISO pipeline is (WIM internal timestamps, servicing-stack non-determinism). So for this product, "reproducible" means:

- **Pinned inputs** (every source hashed in the manifest)
- **Recorded tool versions** (ADK, DISM, servicing stack)
- **Output ISO SHA-256 + SBOM** published per build
- **Signed build attestation** linking published artifact ↔ published source + inputs

Bit-identical rebuild is a **stretch goal**, documented as such — we do not claim it (design-principle #2). This is weaker than the Linux line's reproducible-build guarantee, and we say so to buyers.

## 6. Directory layout

```
windows/
├── installer/
│   ├── build.ps1               # pipeline orchestrator
│   ├── inputs.manifest.json    # pinned ISO SHA, driver-pack ver, Stack vers, tool vers
│   ├── autounattend/
│   │   └── autounattend.xml    # OOBE automation + local account + disk layout
│   ├── oem/
│   │   └── SetupComplete.cmd   # first-boot entry → runs hardening/ modules
│   └── README.md
├── hardening/                  # §A–H PowerShell modules + Verify  ← SHARED (ISO + self-apply)
│   ├── 00-provisioning.ps1     # A
│   ├── 01-boot-firmware.ps1    # B (stages keys; firmware steps documented)
│   ├── 02-data-at-rest.ps1     # C (BitLocker TPM+PIN)
│   ├── 03-kernel-credential.ps1# D (VBS/HVCI/CredGuard/DMA)
│   ├── 04-app-control.ps1      # E (WDAC audit, ASR, Defender)
│   ├── 05-network-radios.ps1   # F (firewall, DNS, WiFi-only)
│   ├── 06-physical-lock.ps1    # G (lock-screen, DMA lock, cam/mic)
│   ├── 07-privacy-update.ps1   # H (telemetry trim, update integrity)
│   ├── 08-stack-install.ps1    # SilverLABS Stack
│   └── Verify-SilverMetalWindows.ps1
├── policies/                   # GP/ADMX exports + offline .reg/.pol baseline
├── wdac/                       # WDAC base policy (XML) + compiled .cip
├── debloat/                    # appx removal list, service-disable scripts
├── stack-installer/            # Stack package builders/installers
├── drivers/                    # GPD Pocket 4 driver pack (or sourced manifest)
└── tests/                      # telemetry-leak test, hardening-baseline test
```

## 7. Milestones

| Milestone | Deliverable | Needs hardware? |
|---|---|---|
| **M0** | This design + scaffolded tree | No |
| **M1** | `autounattend.xml` + `hardening/` modules runnable standalone — hardens the Pocket 4 with no pipeline | Yes (the unit) |
| **M2** | DISM servicing + `oscdimg` repack → first packed ISO, built locally on a Windows + ADK box | Driver pack |
| **M3** | `.gitea/workflows/build-iso-windows.yaml` (Windows runner) + attestation/SBOM + telemetry-leak gate | Windows runner |
| **M4** | Branding, full Stack integration, all verification gates green | Stack Windows builds |

## 8. Build environment & deferred items

- **Build host**: Windows + Windows ADK (DISM + `oscdimg`). A Windows CI runner is required for M3 (mirrors the existing Linux `.gitea/workflows/build-iso-linux.yaml`).
- **Cross-build on Linux** (wimlib + xorriso) is possible but UEFI boot-file assembly is fiddly — **deferred**, Windows-runner path is canonical.
- **Stack Windows builds**: some Stack components are still "Linux MVP" per [`README.md`](README.md); their native Windows builds may lag M4.
- **Driver-pack sourcing**: confirm redistribution terms for the GPD Pocket 4 driver pack, or source at build time from the verified GPD location.

## 9. Open questions

Carried from [`hardening-spec.md`](hardening-spec.md) §8 (resolve on the physical unit), plus builder-specific:

1. Does the IoT Enterprise LTSC media expose the expected image index and OOBE bypass path for `autounattend.xml`?
2. Which Pocket 4 drivers are absent from a vanilla LTSC install and must be injected?
3. Does `oscdimg` produce a Pocket 4-bootable UEFI image with the device's firmware (test on the unit)?
